Architecture & Core Components

Refract is designed as a modular smart contract system that abstracts the complexity of staking on Solana into a simple, flexible interface. Its architecture is composed of several interconnected components that work together to enable programmable yield strategies and branded liquid staking tokens (LSTs).

Yield Router Contract At the center of Refract is the Yield Router, a smart contract that accepts SOL deposits from users, applies a chosen strategy via an on-chain strategy ID, and routes funds to the appropriate backend (e.g., Jito, Marinade, Blaze). The router manages validator delegation, LST minting, and metadata registration for each yield path.

Strategy ID System Strategies are uniquely identified using on-chain strategy IDs. Each ID corresponds to a specific validator set, staking platform, or yield configuration. This modular strategy mapping allows for complete transparency, future upgradability, and integration of custom strategies by DAOs, protocols, or institutional actors.

Branded LST Minting When SOL is routed through a chosen strategy, Refract mints a branded LST that reflects the origin of yield. These include tokens like pxJITO, pxMNDE, or pxBLZE, and are tied directly to the performance and validator structure of the underlying strategy. This model enables clearer accounting, deeper composability, and alignment with staking ecosystems.

Composable Token Design All branded LSTs follow SPL standards and are optimized for compatibility with Solana’s DeFi ecosystem, including LPs, lending markets, yield aggregators, and bridges. Refract ensures all LSTs are metadata-linked to their source strategy, which facilitates traceability and composability in external protocols.

Cross-Chain Extensions Refract is built to support cross-chain operability via bridges like LayerZero or Wormhole. Minted LSTs can be extended to other ecosystems, allowing users to access Solana-native yield products from external chains while maintaining origin-linked yield structure.

This architecture enables a robust and extensible foundation for on-chain yield, positioning Refract as the yield baseplate for Solana and beyond.